This blog is a layman's view of what's wrong with the world economy and, perhaps, how to correct them. Included in this blog will be renewables, green, sustainability and other such topics. I hope some of these will be "good news".
Sunday, May 19, 2013
The art of hiding the loot
From - http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/sunday/2013-05/19/content_16509693.htm
According to the air bill on the crate that arrived at New York 's Kennedy International Airport from London , an unnamed painting worth $100 was inside . Only later did investigators discover that it was by the American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat and worth $8 million .
This painting , known as "Hannibal ," was brought into the United States in 2007 as part of a Brazilian embezzler 's elaborate effort to launder money , the authorities say .
The painting 's seizure was a victory in the economy-rattling , billion-dollar fraud and money-laundering case of Edemar Cid Ferreira , a former Brazilian banker who converted some of his loot into a 12,000-piece art collection .
Law enforcement officials in the United States and elsewhere say "Hannibal " is just one of thousands of valuable works of art being used by criminals to hide illicit profits and illegally transfer assets around the globe . As other traditional money-laundering techniques have come under scrutiny , smugglers , drug traffickers , arms dealers and the like have increasingly turned to the opaque art market , officials say .
The Basel Institute on Governance , a nonprofit research organization in Switzerland , warned last year of the high volume of illegal and suspicious transactions involving art .
It is hard to imagine a business more custom-made for money laundering , with million-dollar sales conducted in secrecy and with virtually no oversight . What this means in practical terms is that "you can have a transaction where the seller is listed as 'private collection ' and the buyer is listed as 'private collection ,'" said Sharon Cohen Levin , chief of the asset forfeiture unit of the United States attorney 's office in Manhattan . "In any other business , no one would be able to get away with this ."
Governments around the world have taken steps to bring illegal activity to light . In February , for instance , the European Commission passed rules requiring galleries to report anyone who pays for a work with more than 7,500 euros in cash , and to file suspicious-transaction reports .
The United States similarly requires all cash transactions of $10,000 or more to be reported .
In a forthcoming book , "Money Laundering Through Art ," the Brazilian judge who presided over the Ferreira case , Fausto Martin De Sanctis , argues for more regulation , saying if businesses like casinos and gem dealers must report suspicious financial activity ,so should art dealers and auction houses .
But to dealers and their clients , secrecy is crucial to the art market 's mystique and practice . The Art Dealers Association of America dismissed the idea that using art to launder money was even a problem .
In Newark , New Jersey , federal prosecutors in a civil case recently announced the seizure of nearly $16million in fine art photographs as part of a fraud and money laundering scheme that prosecutors say was engineered by Philip Rivkin , a Texas businessman .
Mr . Rivkin , who has not been charged with any crimes ,was last thought to be in Spain and had arranged to have the photos shipped there .
In New York , victims of the scams of the disbarred lawyer Marc Dreier are still in court fighting over art he bought with some of the $700 million stolen from hedge funds and investors . At the moment 28 works by artists like Matisse , Warhol , Rothko and Damien Hirst are being held by the federal government .
"Hannibal " also sits in storage . That 1982 Basquiat work was part of a spectacular collection that Mr . Ferreira assembled while he controlled Banco Santos in Brazil .
In 2004 Mr . Ferreira 's financial empire , built partly on embezzled funds , collapsed , leaving $1billion in debts . A court in Sao Paulo sentenced him in 2006 to 21 years in prison for bank fraud , tax evasion and money laundering , a conviction he is appealing . Before his arrest ,however , art worth more than $30 million , owned by Mr . Ferreira and his wife , Marcia , was smuggled out of Brazil , Judge De Sanctis said .
According to court papers , "Hannibal " was bought for $1 million in 2004 by a Panamanian company called Broadening-Info Enterprises , which later tried to sell the painting for $5 million .It was sent to New York in 2007, passing through the hands of four shipping agents in two countries before landing at Kennedy International .
Since merchandise valued at less than $200 may enter the United States without customs documentation , duty or tax , "Hannibal ," labeled as worth $100, was cleared for entry before the plane landed .
Philip Byler , Broadening 's lawyer in New York , said the inaccurate invoices were just a shortsighted attempt by the art dealer that Broadening hired to save importation fees . "It was not done with the intention of smuggling ," he said . He also challenged the Brazilian authorities 'claim , saying that "Hannibal " was legally purchased from a company owned by Mr . Ferreira 's wife .
Mr . Byler said that Broadening intends to appeal the forfeiture .
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